Orange and Its Varieties
Orange is a type of citrus fruit produced by the orange tree
It is a fruit-bearing tree from the Rutaceae family
It is an excellent source of vitamin C which helps in calcium absorption
It also contains vitamin A, sodium, potassium, magnesium, copper, sulfur, and chlorine
It is considered an alkaline food that improves the body’s resistance
Nutritional Value
Orange contains 28 nutritional elements including iron, fructose, phosphorus, vitamin B1, vitamin C, and calcium
It helps strengthen bones and prevent infectious diseases
Its leaves are used to treat headaches and cough
It strengthens the heart and nerves and acts as a natural relaxant
It improves hair, nails, and teeth and reduces cholesterol
It regulates the respiratory system and supports the nervous and digestive system
It helps prevent several types of cancer
Suitable Conditions
Orange trees can survive very high temperatures above 38°C and also cold temperatures
They are cultivated in all regions but mostly in lowlands and valley areas
Suitable Soil
Orange prefers fertile soil with clay and sand over 2 meters deep and free from rocks
Planting Methods
Grafting: Buds are taken from desired orange trees and grafted onto young seedlings in nurseries
After some time, grafted trees are transferred to orchards
A single tree can produce around 1000 fruits or more and remain productive for 50 years
Seedlings
Healthy seedlings from trusted nurseries can be planted 4 meters apart or more depending on orchard space
Prepare the soil well and add natural or chemical fertilizer
Water the seedlings slowly after planting to stabilize them and prevent soil erosion
Seeds
Orange can also be grown from seeds
Select a sunny location with fertile and dry soil
Fertilize every 10–14 days in a circular pattern around the seeds
Fertilization
Regular fertilization helps the tree grow properly
Use a mix of organic and chemical fertilizers throughout the year
Special fertilizers for orange are available in agricultural stores
Orange Varieties
Navel
Shamouti
Valencia
Blood of Zaghloul
